<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>文档标题</title>
<script src="https:d3js.org/d3.v3.min.js"></script>
</head>
</head>
<body>	
<script>
  //画布大小
var width = 400;
var height = 400;

//在 body 里添加一个 SVG 画布   
var svg = d3.select("body")
    .append("svg")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height);

//画布周边的空白
 var padding = {left:30, right:30, top:20, bottom:20};
//定义一个数组
var dataset = [10, 20, 30, 40, 33, 24, 12, 5];

//x轴的比例尺
var xScale = d3.scale.ordinal()
    .domain(d3.range(dataset.length))
    .rangeRoundBands([0, width - padding.left - padding.right]);

//y轴的比例尺
var yScale = d3.scale.linear()
    .domain([0,d3.max(dataset)])
    .range([height - padding.top - padding.bottom, 0]);

//定义x轴
var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
    .scale(xScale)
    .orient("bottom");

//定义y轴
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
    .scale(yScale)
    .orient("left");
//矩形之间的空白
var rectPadding = 4;

//添加矩形元素
var rects = svg.selectAll(".MyRect")
        .data(dataset)
        .enter()
        .append("rect")
        .attr("class","MyRect")
        .attr("transform","translate(" + padding.left + "," + padding.top + ")")
        .attr("x", function(d,i){
            return xScale(i) + rectPadding/2;
        } )
        .attr("y",function(d){
            return yScale(d);
        })
        .attr("width", xScale.rangeBand() - rectPadding )
        .attr("height", function(d){
            return height - padding.top - padding.bottom - yScale(d);
        });

//添加文字元素
var texts = svg.selectAll(".MyText")
        .data(dataset)
        .enter()
        .append("text")
        .attr("class","MyText")
        .attr("transform","translate(" + padding.left + "," + padding.top + ")")
        .attr("x", function(d,i){
            return xScale(i) + rectPadding/2;
        } )
        .attr("y",function(d){
            return yScale(d);
        })
        .attr("dx",function(){
            return (xScale.rangeBand() - rectPadding)/2;
        })
        .attr("dy",function(d){
            return 20;
        })
        .text(function(d){
            return d;
        });
//添加x轴
svg.append("g")
  .attr("class","axis")
  .attr("transform","translate(" + padding.left + "," + (height - padding.bottom) + ")")
  .call(xAxis); 

//添加y轴
svg.append("g")
  .attr("class","axis")
  .attr("transform","translate(" + padding.left + "," + padding.top + ")")
  .call(yAxis);
</script>
</head>
</body>
</html>